Distributed Rate Limiting: Algorithms, Topologies & Redis Lua Scripts
A deep dive into rate limiting in distributed architectures: Token Bucket, Leaky Bucket, Sliding Window Counter, and atomic Redis Lua scripts to eliminate race conditions.
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Technical Archive
Essays & System Design Deep Dives
Practical, in-depth breakdowns of distributed systems, database internals, low-level design patterns, operating systems, and high-performance algorithms.
Design Patterns #4: Builder Pattern
Solving Constructor Hell
Design Patterns #3: Observer Pattern
This is probably the first pattern you'll encounter in real-world systems without realizing it. Before learning the observer pattern, let's first…
Design Patterns #2: Factory Pattern
While learning strategy pattern one question should have come to your mind: Who is responsible for creating this strategy object? Because if there are a…
Design Patterns #1: Strategy Pattern
Replacing If-Else with better design
Design Principles #4: SOLID principle
Till now we have learned the following principles that need to be followed to make code flexible and maintainable: Low Coupling (less dependent) and High…
Design Principle #3: Program to Interfaces, Not Implementations
This naturally follows Composition Over Inheritance because composition becomes truly powerful when we depend on interfaces instead of concrete classes…
Design Principle #2: Composition Over Inheritance
Building flexible. maintainable and reusable systems
Design Principle #1: Coupling and Cohesion — The Foundation of Good Software Design
A good design generally aims for low coupling and high cohesion.
My Journey of Learning Low Level Design the Hard Way
How i started learning low level design and gradually i became a better engineer
System Design - All about Caching - Part 2
Understanding Different Levels of Caching in System Architecture
How I Rebuilt My Blog with Next.js, MDX, and Hashnode Integration
The story of migrating my blog to Next.js App Router, adding full MDX support, and combining Hashnode articles into a single unified platform.
System Design: A Battle-Tested Framework for Large-Scale Architectures
How to systematically decompose, design, and defend complex distributed system architectures from functional requirements to capacity planning, partitioning, and fault tolerance.
Understanding Databases for System Design: ACID & Isolation Levels
A deep dive into transaction isolation levels, concurrency anomalies (dirty reads, non-repeatable reads, phantom reads, write skew), and how PostgreSQL and MySQL implement them.
Segment Tree: Handling Large Constraints with Coordinate Compression
I encountered the next challenge in the CSES problem set: Salary Queries, a problem rich with concepts and learning opportunities.
Segment Tree: Range update with lazy propagation
When moving from a normal segment tree to a lazy segment tree, the main goal is to support efficient range updates. In a standard segment tree, updating a…
Segment Tree: Introduction
This article covers about the basics of segment tree
System Design: All About Caching & Cache Stampede Mitigation
Comprehensive analysis of caching strategies (Cache-Aside, Write-Through, Write-Behind), eviction policies, multi-tier architectures, and mitigating cache stampede with probabilistic early expiration.
Segment Tree: Range Updates with Lazy Propagation
Mastering interval queries and range modifications in O(log N) using delayed push-down evaluation in Segment Trees for competitive programming.
System Design - All about Caching - Part 1
Caching is a process of storing frequently accessed data in temporary storage for faster retrieval of data. You might have faced a website taking a longer…
React Hooks Deep Dive: Under the Hood of Fiber & State Queues
An architectural exploration of React Fiber, hook linked lists, closure traps, and why order matters in React's internal reconciler.
System Design - Understanding Databases - Part 5
Navigating the Database Maze: Choosing Between Relational and NoSQL Databases
System Design - Understanding Databases - Part 4
Mastering Database Scaling: A Practical Guide to Partitioning and Sharding
System Design - Understanding Databases - Part 3
Scaling Databases: Mastering Vertical and Horizontal Techniques for Growth
System Design - Understanding Databases - Part 2
This article explains the isolation property of ACID properties by demonstrating each isolation level practically.
System Design - Understanding Databases - Part 1
Mastering Databases: The Backbone of System Design
System Design - Approaching a system design problem
In this article, we will learn about the steps to approach a system design problem, and how to understand if the system is designed well or not.
System Design - The Introduction
Crafting the Blueprint: An Introduction to System Design
Complete Guide to MySQL Installation and Basic Operations
Mastering MySQL: A Step-by-Step Installation and Operations Guide
JavaScript Promises: A Journey from Callbacks to Custom Implementation
Before the introduction of promises in JavaScript, handling asynchronous operations was a cumbersome and error-prone process. Developers relied heavily on…
Web 3 Chapter - 1: Basics of web3 and blockchain
A deep dive into the basics of blockchain, covering all the doubts that come to mind
The Ultimate Guide to Writing MDX Blogs
Learn how to create beautiful, interactive blog posts using MDX with our custom component library.
A Comprehensive Guide to Types of computer networks and network topologies
This article covers types of computer networks based on the geographical scale and explains the network nodes and network topologies
Introduction to Computer Networking
This article gives an introduction to computer networks and explains why it was developed and the basic concepts of computer networks
Distributed System
In this article we will learn about basic concepts of distributed system
Goals and Types of Operating System
In this article we will get to know about the goals and evolution of operating systems and how they emphasized the goals.
What is an operating system and why there's a need of it?
In this article we will learn about importance of operating sytem and it's definition.
The Power of Custom Hooks: Reusable Logic for React Applications
In this blog, you will learn about custom hooks in best and easiest way.
React Hooks: The Base of React Components [Part - 3]
This article explains useCallback, useMemo, useRef and useLayoutEffect hooks in detail.
React Hooks: The Base of React Components [Part - 2]
This article explains why hooks are used, what are react hooks and how to use them to make life better?
React Hooks: The Base of React Components [Part - 1]
This article explains why hooks are used, what are react hooks and how to use them to make life better?
Managing Multiple Github Accounts on a Single Machine
A Step-by-Step Guide to Setting Up and Using SSH Keys
Real DOM and Virtual DOM - Concept behind React
Why React is very fast and efficient instead to other frameworks or vanilla javascript?
Getting Started with React: Understanding Ternary Operators, Lists, and Styling in react
Learn how to use ternary operator, logical and operator, map in react
All The JavaScript You Need To Know For React
Javascript Important concepts needed for react.
React Tutorial - JSX, Components and Props
This blog gives you basic knowledge about JSX, Components and props.
All you need to know to start working with react
This blog teaches you how to start creating react apps.